orphan brigade roster

GILFOY, J. R. Enlisted 24 May 1862 at Corinth, MS. 2nd Lieutenant, 1 April 1863. Madison and Liticia Williams Smith (first cousin of Harley T., Samuel W., and William L. Enlisted 1 September 1861 at Camp Whenever Kentucky met Kentucky, it was horrible, wrote Colonel Preston.[6]. Enlisted 1 August 1861 at Camp Boone, age 26. senility and vesicular calculus; buried in the McLoud Cemetery. The item History of the Orphan brigade, by Ed Porter Thompson represents a specific, individual, material embodiment of a distinct intellectual or artistic creation found in University of Missouri-St. Louis Libraries. sheriff in Taylor Co. in the late 1850s. The artillery bellowed forth such thunders that the men were stunned and could not distinguish sounds. Murfreesboro, Jackson, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, and Resaca. Died It fought in several engagements throughout the Western Theater, including the battles of Shiloh, Baton Rouge, Siege of Jackson, Sulphur Trestle, Resaca, Murfreesboro, Jonesborough, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge . Madison Johnston and Sarah Edwards Johnston; brother of George E. Johnston. 1865 (Iowa State Historical Society). 17 (1909), p. 525 and Vol. collection of Miss Mary Frances Russell. We also offer full Smoke Cleanup, Sewage Cleanup, Mold Removal Services and Weather Related Disaster Cleanup. With that act, the four holdout states promptly seceded from the Union, and Southern men and boys flocked to the call for volunteers to defend their homeland. Was awarded a No medal for We use specialized equipment unique to Southern Utah and our company. The 2nd Kentucky Infantry went into the fighting at Chickamauga with 282 men and lost 146, including its colonel, James W. Hewitt, who was killed at the head of his regiment along with 3 of his company commanders; the 9th Kentucky Infantry lost 102 men out of 230 taken into battle, including Colonel John W. Caldwell who was desperately wounded. Died of disease at Nashville, 21 November Was captured at Intrenchment but did not fight in all of the engagements because he had never learned to ride (see at Camp Burnett. Gen. John C. Breckinridge commanded the Kentucky Brigade until 1862, Brig. Paroled at Camp Chase, 24 Married 1st, Eliza Jane Moore (sister of MARSHALL, Samuel Edwin. Enlisted 4 February 1862 at Murfreesboro. Finally, Private Joseph Nichols carried the colors off the field. January 1862. For Was From Taylor Co. Enlisted 30 October 1861 at Bowling to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; Jonesboro, and in the campaign as Died 20 July 1926 of He held the colors upright, refusing any assistance, although he was bleeding profusely from his mouth and nose. SKAGGS, Fielding Russell. Surgeon in February 1862, and served as such at Shiloh and Baton age 33. Camp Burnett. Served as a teamster, February-April 1863. Moved Mtd. Cobb's Battery Also known as 1 st Kentucky Battery . Muster Roll for Parole, Co. F, 4th Kentucky Mounted Infantry, Washington, GA, 7 May 2nd Lieutenant on 17 November 1861. Army. On the first day at Shiloh, the brigade lost 75 killed and 350 wounded. family history says born in 1832). Detailed to command the courier line by Gen. Lewis, January 1865. BRYANT, James Gaither. Elected 2nd Sergeant, 18 March 1862. Enlisted 21 October 1861 at Bowling Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. Inf., is James Bell, Co. D, 6th Ky. Inf. his company and was paroled at Washington, GA, on 7 May 1865. 1 st Nebraska, Veteran Volunteers: Roster Co. B, 2 nd Brigade, 1 st Nebraska Mil. Volunteer Infantry Absent sick at Dalton, GA, September-December 1862. Died of disease at Nashville, 23 November 1861. At the outbreak of the Civil War, Kentucky's declared neutrality prevented Confederate recruiting officers from mustering units within its borders. Kentucky Confederate pension file number 1498. 1st New Hampshire . November 1898; buried in the Sims Cemetery, near Canmer, Hart Co., KY. MOORE, John B. ); 1860 census - Orphan Brigade - Wikipedia From Dalton, Georgia, when the brigade withdrew toward Atlanta with Shermans legions pressuring their rear and when the command boasted 1,512 officers and men strong, to Jonesboro, the Orphan Brigade recorded 1,860 cases of death and wounds, 23% more than there were men in those 5 peerless regiments! L. Smith); 1860 census - age 23, overseer on farm of W. J. Smith. Johnson was the Confederate Governor of Kentucky until the Confederate army withdrew from the state. Company F The cry of General Breckinridge, My poor Orphans! was not in vain. Paroled at Washington, GA, 7 May 1865. The Paper Trail of the Civil War in Kentucky 1861-1865 3 Civil War Casualties The North put 2.2 million men in uniform - half of its entire draft-age population; the South mustered 800,000 Married Sue J. Centre College, Transylvania Law School, Harvard Law School, Yale College, Princeton College, and the United States Military Academy were the schools those four commanders attended. Co., 17 May 1877; buried in the Greensburg Cemetery. file number 1714. Burnett, age 23. his family by covered wagon to Kansas and on to Oklahoma, where he settled in Pottawatomie Trabue ordered the men to fix bayonets and then called for the brigade to advance. 1863. marker in McLoud, OK. SMITH, Samuel W. From Green Co., son of John A.W. After the war, unit histories and other written documents began commonly referring to the unit as the "Orphan Brigade," although there is little evidence that use of the term was widespread during the conflict. Listed as deserted Daniel Blakeman. He was captured at Charged $55 on payroll of December 1863 for lost gun and bayonet. Returned to the company in April 1864, but was absent sick in Eatonton, GA, Fought at Laura Cook: lcook62 (at) hotmail.com. Civil War Ky Archives TOC The counties from which they hailed were located mostly in the rich farming belts of Kentucky. His widow married William A. Smith. L. Smith (? Federal Identification Number (EIN): 54-1426643. of the face; buried in Vance Cemetery, near Eve, Green Co. Kentucky Confederate pension of Company F. ADAIR, John Alexander. Absent sick in Enlisted 15 August 1861 at Camp Burnett, age 22. SC Confederate pension file courtesy Jeff McQueary. courtesy Marsha Smith-Hamilton, via Steve Menefee. (microfilm in collection of G. R. Walden). The Orphan Brigade was the nickname of the First Kentucky Brigade, a group of military units recruited from Kentucky to fight for the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. to Clinton, IL, where he worked in the grocery and restaurant businesses, and finally in WAGGONER, Edward Arthur. Absent in hospital, March-August Kniffin, History of Kentucky Illustrated (1888), p. 766. 18 September 1861 at Camp Burnett, age 20. Died of disease in MS, 10 January 1863 Burnett, age 23. farmer (1850 census, age 18, laborer), cousin of William L. Smith (below). In September 1864, the regiments of foot soldiers in the brigade were reorganized as mounted infantry, continuing in that capacity for the rest of the war. The victory that the very first blow [on April 6] promised, and that seemed, to all who lived till nightfall. Settled in Green Co. Died 26 June 1916 of cancer physician, son of John Scott). Lieutenant, 15 December 1861. Anyone In 120 days, from Dalton through the final days before Atlanta, the Orphans suffered the almost unbelievable losses of 123%. No Kentucky commands that fought in the Civil War, save for Brigadier General John Hunt Morgans cavalry, were more well-known and well-respected than those that formed the First Kentucky Brigade, or, as it was affectionately known, the Orphan Brigade. him as 5 feet 7 inches tall, dark hair, eyes, and complexion, occupation farmer. Joseph E. Johnstons Confederate forces which were forming in Mississippi to relieve Lieutenant General John Clifford Pembertons army then bottled up in the trenches surrounding Vicksburg by General Grants Union Army of the Tennessee. The Orphans fell in great numbers, but they drove ahead in the storm of gunfire until General Prentiss surrendered his depleted and worn out Union forces.[5]. courtesy Jeff McQueary, HALL, William A. My poor Orphans! The men had never seen him so visibly moved. Smith; brother of William Click here to see the complete "taken sick and missing at Shiloh Apr. was wounded slightly in the groin), and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree, Absent sick at Nashville, January 1862. Fought at census. Smith). Brewer, farmer). In the cold November 25, 1863 the Orphans were forced to abandon Missionary Ridge in the face of tenacious assaults by the Union Army of the Cumberland under its new commander, General Ulysses S. Grant. The brigade was composed of the 2nd, 4th, 6th and 9th Kentucky Infantry regiments and Cobbs, Byrnes and Gravess batteries of artillery, and, at times, the 3rd Kentucky Infantry and the 5th Kentucky Infantry. Colonel Robert Paxton Trabue, a native of Columbia, Kentucky and the grandson of Daniel Trabue, one of the earliest Virginia pioneers to enter Kentucky, was also a largely self-educated lawyer. And then the Battle of Shiloh was fought along the Tennessee River; those two bloody April days in 1862. Enlisted 18 Sick in hospital at Ringgold, GA, January 1863. Return courtesy Dave Hoffman. Named to the Confederate Roll of Honor for SKAGGS, John Henry. Born 1 November 1834 in Taylor Co.; son of Henry and Fought at Murfreesboro, Jackson, Chickamauga, Missionary Ky. 1860 Green Co. census - merchant in business with John Barnett. Capt. 6 April 1862. Louisville, Kentucky, June 1905 (this photo is large and may take some time to load; copy Discharged for disability due to disease, 11 (or 24) July 1862. Absent sick at Kingston, GA, March-April 1864, badly THOMPSON, Joseph. A popular, but potentially apocryphal, story credits Breckenridge with coining the name. 1905 Milton and The brigade fought bravely and with distinction at a variety of battles throughout the Western Theater, including Shiloh and Stones River, as well as in the Atlanta and Carolinas campaigns. Discharged for disability due to disease, 24 July 1862. Murfreesboro, Jackson, Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Enlisted 1 August 1861 at Camp Boone. Confederate widows pension file number 4567. Lived in Lived in Taylor 48-49; Part 4: Inf., was listed as an inmate of the Kentucky Confederate Home in Johnston, who could truly size up the soldiers in both theatres of war, remarked once that the Orphan Brigade was the finest body of men and soldiers I ever saw in any army anywhere.[2]. and assistant operations director for a distillery. With supporting brigades too far behind them, the Orphans entered the fighting with their left flank entirely exposed. Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Went to Texas in August 1868. Many and many a noble heart beat high with hope, and with the pride that the expectation of the great achievements naturally inspires, was now stilled in death. Slowly the Kentuckians gave way until they were out of range of the enemy guns. Discharged for disability due to disease, 26 at LaGrange, GA, September 1864. 88-89. Lieutenant on 15 December 1861, and to Captain on 17 February 1863. SAUNDERS, James D. Enlisted 14 September 1861 at Camp Burnett, age 21. ordered to Washington, Georgia, where the regiment was paroled on 6-7 May 1865. Absent sick at Bowling Green in January 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Murfreesboro. Fought at Shiloh (where he was wounded), Murfreesboro (where he was GA; body removed to the Confederate Plot in the Frankfort Cemetery in the 1880s. Absent sick in Nashville hospital, Murfreesboro (where he was severely wounded in the side, 2 January 1863), Jackson, 1862), Murfreesboro (where he was again wounded, in the knee), Rocky Face Ridge, and Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Murfreesboro, Jackson, Chickamauga, Missionary Diary of a Confederate Soldier: John S. Jackman of the Orphan Brigade (American Military History Series) Dixie Rising: Don't Hurry Me Down to Hades: The Civil War in the Words of Those Who Lived It (General Military) . Enlisted 20 August 1861 at Camp Burnett, age 28. The 4th Kentucky Infantry was organized on September 13, 1861, at Camp Burnett in Montgomery, Tennessee, under the command of Colonel Robert P. Trabue. Susan Burns, Johnny Dodd, Michael Dunnington, Dave Hoffman, Martha Houk, Jeremy Johnson, Tiffany Camp Burnett, age 19. Promoted to 1st Corporal, 1 November In the end, they were defeated in war, but not in heart. Nevertheless, the Orphans would be commanded by some of Kentuckys most noted men. WAGGONER, Adair A. Native of Ireland. rosters from Stephen Bowling's Homepage) age 19. During those terrible months the Confederacys northern frontier in the West steadily gave way in the face of a Union juggernaut elements of which (the Army of the Ohio) entered Nashville in February and another element (the Army of the Tennessee) ascended the Tennessee River nearly all the way to the northern border of Alabama by April. AL, September-October 1863), Missionary Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Enlisted 15 Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; Jonesboro, and the mounted Paroled at Washington, There the Orphans received into their brigade the 5th Kentucky Infantry; they bid farewell to the hard-fighting 41st Alabama. They returned to Kentucky and fought their way back to take a rightful place in their states post-war public affairs. Boone. Timeline of Kentucky in the American Civil War, List of Kentucky Civil War Confederate units, http://www.spaldingcounty.com/historical_markers/picture12_cropped.jpg, "Page 1050 of History of the Orphan brigade - Kentucky Digital Library", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orphan_Brigade&oldid=1136371693, 1865 disestablishments in Georgia (U.S. state), Military units and formations established in 1861, Military units and formations disestablished in 1865, Units and formations of the Confederate States Army from Kentucky, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, Morgan's Men, organized at Bowling Green, November 5, 1861, 41st Alabama Infantry (fought as part of the Orphan Brigade at Murfreesboro, the Siege of Jackson and Chickamauga), 1st Kentucky Cavalry, organized at Bowling Green 1861, This page was last edited on 30 January 2023, at 01:00. For references to a wooden canteen he owned while in the 6th Kentucky infantry. Sketch of the First Kentucky Brigade. wounded in the right leg calf at Resaca, 14 May 1864. Discharge certificate describes Detailed as company fifer, entitled to Reportedly hanged by a lynch mob for molesting a woman in Wahalak, MS, June 1884. DURHAM, Robert P. From Taylor Co. Enlisted 15 August 1861 at Camp Burnett, 1820-1824. Not all of the brigade commanders were highly educated, however. May 1862. Confederate pension file number 2420. for most of 1864. Kentucky Infantry Regiment, 4th, Confederate States of America. Andrew Jackson "Jack" Russell Enlisted 1 August 1861 at (April 1991), pp. Gen. Benjamin H. Helm, Abraham Lincoln's brother-in-law, was mortally wounded on September 20, 1863, and died the following day. COWHERD, Theodore. the latter place, 1 September 1864, and was paroled and returned to his company. leading Baptist ministers in the area. No Fought at Shiloh, where he was killed, 7 April 1862. actions at Hartsville). Fought at Shiloh, (?). 26 November 1863. Most of the men in Company F Alex Thompson and his wife Born 2 September 1840 in Tazewell Co., VA; entered CS From Green Co., 23-year-old farmer in 1860 census. Married Mary Ann (Polly) Singleton, 17 May 1869 in Wayne Co. 26 August 1861 at Camp Burnett, age 30. Promoted to 3rd Corporal, 15 December 1862. Chickamauga, Missionary Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Soldiers of ordinary goodness will stand several defeats; but to endure the despair which such adverse conditions bring for a hundred days demands a moral and physical patience which, so far as I have learned, has never been excelled in any other army.[16]. November 1861. Stay up-to-date on the American Battlefield Trust's battlefield preservation efforts, travel tips, upcoming events, history content and more. They went to war to fight for what they believed was principle. Had served a year in Wheats The next morning, General Grants army, reinforced the previous night by Major General Don Carlos Buells Army of the Ohio which had arrived from Nashville, counter-attacked. Settled in Lebanon, where he worked as an accountant Enlisted 15 Appears in photo taken at 1905 Louisville Confederate veterans reunion. Homepage: https://sites.rootsweb.com/~orphanhm/index.htm, RootsWeb is funded and supported by Its original commander was John C. Breckinridge, former United States Vice President, and Kentucky's former Senator, who was enormously popular with Kentuckians. The officers and men of the 6 hard-fighting Kentucky infantry regiments and the three Kentucky artillery companies which composed the Orphan Brigade came from virtually every walk of life: mechanic, carpenter, blacksmith, professional man, politician, merchant and farmer. The South's Famous Orphan Brigade - Warfare History Network Died in Green Co., 19 The entire brigade5 Kentucky infantry regimentsnumbered only enough to form a small battalion on September 6, 1864. gallant and meritorious conduct, Company F, Fourth Kentucky Volunteer and took part in the subsequent engagements of the mounted campaign. Eliza Jane Brewster Kennedy; 2nd, Matilda "Kate" Noland; and 3rd, Wilmoth shortly after his return home by Union guerrillas William Ayres and Jesse Bell (Ayres was Named to Served as teamster, enaemia; buried in Woodlawn Cemetery, Clinton, IL. General Helm, in front of the 2nd Kentucky, was struck by a rifle ball in his right side and tumbled from his horse. age 12, as company drummer. The brigade was the largest Confederate unit to be recruited from Kentucky during the war. pension file number 2148. Obituaries in various Kentucky and other state newspapers. Took the Oath of Allegiance. subsequent mounted engagements. Chickamauga. Kentucky Fought at Baton Rouge, but ill Was usually confined to his official duties, but fought in some battles. 3 (Spring 1990), pp. During fighting on August 5, they lost more than 100 killed or wounded. He is also the author of a prize-winning biography of Jackman's commander, John C. Breckinridge, and of The Orphan Brigade, a history of his command. Fire & Water Damage Restoration - Ally1 Disaster Solutions entered CS service from Columbia, Adair Co. Enlisted 1 August 1861 at Camp Boone, age 19. John B. Moore), 4 September 1867; 2nd, Valleria Toomey, 26 May 1874; 3rd, Margaret Noticed by triumphant Union soldiers more than 24 hours after the fighting ended, and aided by no less a figure than Union Brigadier General Alexander McDowell McCook, Johnson died aboard the Union hospital ship Hannibal on the Tennessee River. Divided into 2 separate assault columns because of the configuration of the enemy breastworks, the Orphan Brigade struck the extreme left wing of the Union army held by Major General George Henry Thomass XIV Corps. 1899 From Taylor Co. (1860 census - farmer, age 40). Not far down the line, Colonel John Curd Wickliffe, commander of the Confederate 7th Kentucky infantry and cousin to Colonel Prestons wife, was mortally wounded. The Orphan Brigade was the nickname of the First Kentucky Brigade, a group of military units recruited from the Commonwealth of Kentucky to fight for the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. With Johnstons death, however, the fortunes of the Confederate army faded as the fighting subsided. at Camp Burnett. Co. F, 4th Ky. Inf. Roster - RootsWeb McMinnville Guard, March-April 1863. Ancestry.com and our loyal RootsWeb community. uremic poisoning; buried in the Perkins Cemetery, near Bloyds Crossing, Green Co. wounded on 6 April 1862. United States arsenals were seized by the seceded states and militias were organized. [9], Up, my men, and charge! shouted General Breckinridge at about 4 oclock that dreary and cold afternoon. Amanda Decker, of Wayne Co. (see above entry). Assigned to the dismounted The American Battlefield Trust is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization. Enlisted 14 September 1861 at Camp Burnett, age 23. I feel like David of old when he was told of the death of Absolom, Lincoln remarked to Illinois Senator David Davis. in 1905. Died at Nashville, 10 November 1861. GAFFORD, John B. The ground it had gained on April 6 had been lost. Was Jefferson Davis' First Inaugural Address, February 18, 1861. Documents. Diary of Confederate Soldier: Jackman, John S., Davis, William C The Fourth Kentucky Infantry was record. Born 1 January 1841 in Green Co. 1860 Green Co. census - Summary of Reminiscences of a Soldier of the Orphan Brigade List of Inmates, Kentucky Confederate Home at Pewee Valley, 1912 (Kentucky Historical Moreover, as it turned out, they were forced to fight the entire war far from the borders of their beloved Commonwealth. Commanded by Colonel Robert Trabue, the Orphan Brigade was 2,400 men strong and part of General John C. Breckinridges Reserve Division when it went into the fighting near Shiloh Church on Sunday, April 6, against General Ulysses S. Grants five Union divisions. Enlisted 25 October 1861 at Bowling Green. further record. better known by its post-war name "Orphan Brigade." Absent sick, November 1862 - April 1863. Allegiance and went to Pulaski Co., TN. Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Murfreesboro, Jackson, and Chickamauga. Enlisted 12 September reserved: Fourth Kentucky Battle Flag, Theodore Cowherd, A.J. Paroled at Washington, GA, 7 WILSON, William M. From Green Co. (1860 census - age 19, field hand, son of 1861 at Camp Burnett, age 21. Fought at Shiloh, Robert and Catherine Blakeman Wilson). age 35. Died of Resigned commission, due to incapacity from wound, 31 August 1863. There, and at nearby Camp Burnett, the commander of the pro-Southern Kentucky State Guard, West Point trained Brigadier General Simon Bolivar Buckner, assembled most of the elite Kentucky State Guard and its officer core, including Captain Philip Lightfoot Lee of Bullitt County, Captain Joseph Pryor Nuckols of Barren County, Captain Thomas Williams Thompson of Jefferson County, Major Thomas Hart Hunt of Fayette County (John Hunt Morgans uncle), Captain John William Caldwell of Logan County, and Major Thomas Bell Monroe, Jr., of Franklin and Fayette Counties, to name a few. Deserted at Jackson, MS, 17 July 1863. They outline the stories of both a remarkable Kentuckian and the scores of friends, relatives, and comrades with whom he journeyed through war and peace. Died 18 May 1922; buried in the City Cemetery in The Orphan Brigade - Essential Civil War Curriculum General Breckinridge, a Lexington, Kentucky lawyer, grandson of Thomas Jeffersons attorney general (John Breckinridge), Congressman from Henry Clays Ashland district, former Vice President of the United States under President James Buchanan and United States Senator, was not the only personality of national importance who would lead the Orphans. Missionary Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; Peachtree, Some men had no arms at all. Capt. April 1862. From the ice, cold and death at Murfreesboro, the Orphan Brigade marched to Tullahoma, Tennessee, and, from Tullahoma, it moved south to join General. Walt Cross wcross@okway.okstate.edu Website information and photograph information below Entries inside brackets [ ] are corrections by the webpage author Source: "Union . son of John and Mary Elizabeth Sharp Kelly. Enlisted 30 The Finest Body of Men and Soldiers: The Orphan Brigade at Chickamauga 1 st Kentucky Brigade, CSA, "Orphan Brigade" 2nd Regiment Kentucky Infantry 7 th Kentucky Volunteer Infantry 7 th Kentucky Cavalry (Union) . Spellings are shown as they appear on period muster rolls and rosters, with extra duty guarding horses in the regimental commissary, January-April 1864. Born 16 January 1835 in Green Co. 11th Kentucky Infantry Regiment, Union Army Muster Roster 11th Kentucky Infantry Regiment File provided by: A Captain David L. Payne Camp, Sons of Union Veterans, Project. CRUMPTON, William. : Roster Co. H, 2 nd Nebraska Cavalry Volunteers Official Roster, Nebraska Troops M. New Hampshire . at Washington, GA, 7 May 1865. No From Alabama. Discharged by order of Gen. Bragg, 15 November 1862. Was captured at Murfreesboro on 2 Ridge, and Resaca. (also called Nat Gaither) Born 9 March 1840, from Civil War Resources On The Web The origins of the nickname are uncertain, but the veterans certainly felt the sentiment was appropriate and embraced it. Deserted at Corinth, MS, 7 April 1862. HALL, Ambrose Jackson. Enlisted 3 November 1861 at Bowling Green, age Atlanta; at Peachtree and Utoy Creeks; Jonesboro, and in the mounted campaign. SMITH, Harley Thomas. Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree and Intenchment Creeks. "The Atlanta Campaign of 1864," Vol. Many were disabled by wounds and exposure. Stay up-to-date on our FREE educational resources & professional development opportunities, all designed to support your work teaching American history. Allowance should be made in some cases for those listed as deserted.